Which independent agency is responsible for overseeing environmental protection laws?

The agency responsible for overseeing environmental protection laws is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA was created in response to growing concerns about environmental issues in the United States during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Its primary mission is to protect human health and the environment by enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. This involves the oversight of air and water quality standards, waste management, chemical safety, and other regulations that are critical for maintaining a healthy ecosystem.

The EPA formulates policies, conducts research, and provides education about environmental practices and sustainability. Their work is crucial in ensuring that environmental regulations are implemented effectively and that the public is informed about environmental issues. This agency's role is vital for addressing contemporary challenges such as climate change, pollution, and habitat preservation.

Other choices represent different functions: the CIA focuses on national security and intelligence; the GAO (Government Accountability Office) audits and evaluates government spending and efficiency; and the SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission) regulates the securities industry to protect investors. Each of these agencies plays an essential role in their respective areas but does not have the mandate to oversee environmental laws.